Pulmonary and pleura damage in the process cardiosurgical intervention: etiology, pathogenesis, prevention (Review)

Pulmonary and pleura damage are one of the most common postoperative complications. The prevalence of pulmonary dysfunction following cardiac surgery is 76%. The risk factors are: preoperative respiratory disease, body mass index over 30 kg/m2, intraoperational heart ice encasing, duration of cardiopulmonary bypass period. From a heart surgeon and pathophysiologist prospective, the paper discusses the mechanisms of lung tissue destruction and patient preparation to reduce the incidence and/severity of complications. The data analysis suggests that this factors should be accounted for when planning the operation to reduce the risk of life-threatening complications.